Diagnostic and Surgical Challenges in Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm Complicated by Acute Appendicitis: A Case Report

Abstract

Mucinous appendicular tumors (MAT) are rare entities and represent a subset of appendiceal neoplasms. Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) is characterized by mucin production and can be associated with serious complications such as appendiceal rupture and pseudomyxoma peritonei. Here, we present a case of LAMN complicated by acute appendicitis, emphasizing its diagnostic and surgical challenges. A 52-year-old male presented with acute colicky pain in the lower abdomen, worsening over three days. Imaging studies revealed findings compatible with an appendiceal tumor and mucinous accumulation. The patient underwent laparoscopic appendectomy, and histopathology confirmed LAMN with secondary acute appendicitis. The diagnosis of LAMN can be challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms, often mimicking acute appendicitis. Surgical intervention remains the cornerstone of treatment, with careful consideration of tumor margins and potential for mucinous spread. This case highlights the importance of early detection and appropriate surgical management to prevent complications. Early recognition and surgical management of LAMN are crucial to prevent long-term complications. Laparoscopic appendectomy can be an effective treatment option for localized tumors with minimal invasion.