Biological Properties Of Senna auriculata Using Copper Nanoparticles (CuNPs)

Abstract

The advancement of green nanotechnology has opened new avenues for combining traditional medicinal plants with metal-based nanoparticles to enhance therapeutic potential. This study investigates the biological properties of Senna auriculata, a widely used medicinal plant, through the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). S. auriculata is known for its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. It has a lot of phytochemicals in it, such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds, which help nanoparticles stay stable and reduce their size.  It made copper nanoparticles from S. auriculata leaf extracts in water and used UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study them.  The CuNPs that came out had a steady, spherical shape and were quite small.  Biological tests showed that the CuNPs produced by S. auriculata were very effective in killing both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, antioxidant analysis showed enhanced free radical scavenging activity, suggesting the potential to combat oxidative stress. Preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation indicated moderate toxicity at higher concentrations but overall biocompatibility at therapeutic doses, making them suitable for biomedical applications. The enhanced biological properties of the synthesized CuNPs are attributed to the synergistic interaction between copper ions and plant-derived phytochemicals. These findings support the use of Senna auriculata-based copper nanoparticles as a natural and eco-friendly approach for developing novel antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Further in vivo studies and clinical evaluations are recommended to fully explore their potential in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.