EVALUATIONS OF THE URINE PEPTIDOME AND PROTEOME IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE-1 DIABETES IN THE EARLY STAGES

Abstract

The autoimmune death of insulin-producing β-cells causes persistent hyperglycemia in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In order to stop diabetes-related issues from becoming worse, it is essential to identify molecular alterations early on. The purpose of this research is to find possible biomarkers for the development of the illness and renal impairment by analysing the peptidome and proteome of urine in individuals with early-stage type 1 diabetes. Researchers examined urine samples from people with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls using cutting-edge proteomic methods to find patterns of differentially expressed proteins and peptides. The proteome and peptidome profiles of urine showed substantial changes in type 1 diabetic individuals, suggesting early pathological abnormalities in kidney function, according to the data. Significantly elevated were proteins associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and renal damage; these proteins may serve as early warning signs of diabetic nephropathy. Insights into the molecular pathways behind diabetes-related kidney damage are provided by this work, which also highlights the usefulness of urine-based biomarkers in monitoring early-stage T1DM.