ASSESSMENTS OF THE URINE PEPTIDOME AND PROTEOME IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TYPE -1 DIABETES DURING INITIAL PHASES

Abstract

Nephropathy and other long-term consequences are common in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), an autoimmune disease in which the body attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. In order to effectively manage renal involvement, early identification is crucial. The purpose of this research is to find early indicators of renal stress and disease progression by studying the peptidome and proteome alterations that occur in the urine during the early stages of type 1 diabetes. People who had just received a type 1 diabetes diagnosis as well as healthy controls were studied by collecting urine samples. To assess changes in protein and peptide profiles, mass spectrometry-based high-throughput proteomics and peptidomics studies were carried out. Different protein and peptide profiles associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and early glomerular damage have been identified, which are important results. Participants with type 1 diabetes had far higher levels of several indicators compared to controls. These markers included albumin fragments, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and inflammatory peptides. A non-invasive method for identifying early kidney alterations in type 1 diabetes may be provided by urine peptidome and proteome profiling, according to these studies. In order to track the development of a disease and direct treatment to avoid complications, the discovered biomarkers could be very useful. These results need to be validated and their therapeutic application investigated in further longitudinal research.Persistent hyperglycemia is caused by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). It is critical to detect molecular changes early on to prevent diabetes-related complications from worsening.